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L'Illustration, No. 3675, 2 Ao?t 1913

LA REVUE COMIQUE, par Henriot.

LE DOSSIER DES MASSACRES D'OTAGES PAR LES BULGARES

LE MASSACRE DES OTAGES DE SER?S

Donc, avant-hier, sur des indications qu'on nous avait donn?es, nous nous dirige?mes tous quatre ? quelques kilom?tres au nord de Livounovo, ? droite de la route qui suit la Strouma, en partant du lit dess?ch? d'un affluent de cette rivi?re dont les cartes ne donnent pas le nom. On nous avait dit: <> Peut-?tre vous souvenez-vous, en effet, de cette nouvelle que donn?rent les journaux qu'en quittant Ser?s, sous la menace de l'arm?e grecque, les Bulgares avaient emmen? un certain nombre d'otages, dont on ne savait ce qu'i's ?taient devenus. Leurs cadavres, c'?taient leurs cadavres, dont on nous indiquait la place. Nous cherch?mes longtemps; nous avions les points de rep?re, la rivi?re dess?ch?e, le bouquet d'arbres, le chemin, un vallonnement entre deux monticules. Enfin, l'un de nous fit: <> Une acre odeur de putr?faction nous saisit aux narines, cette odeur chaude, p?n?trante, persistante et ignoble ? faire d?faillir, de fermentation des chairs, dont j'ai d?j? ?prouv?, ? Casablanca, l'atroce naus?e. Elle nous guide; nous d?couvr?mes un cadavre, puis un autre, et quel cadavre!

Mais la nuit approchait et nous n'avions pas eu le temps de faire en nous les r?serves d'?nergie n?cessaires. Nous d?cid?mes de remettre au lendemain matin notre sinistre recherche. C'?tait hier, j'ai les yeux pleins encore de l'?pouvantable vision. Nous en avons trouv? sept. Le premier est ?loign? du second de deux cents m?tres, et trois cents m?tres s?parent celui-ci des quatre autres, dispos?s presque parall?lement ? quelques m?tres de distance, le dernier est juch? sur un talus, ? uns quinzaine de m?tres. Celui-ci a tr?buch? sans doute; il a perdu sa chaussure et n'est tomb? que deux m?tres plus loin; cet autre, frapp? dans le dos, est tomb? sur la face et tout son corps est d?j? ? demi enfonc? sous ia coul?e des pluies dans la terre meuble d'un champ. Un troisi?me a re?u sur le cr?ne un terrible coup de fusil, ass?n? avec une telle force que la crosse bris?e a ?t? lanc?e ? un m?tre de lui, et, un peu plus loin, dans un buisson, nous retrouvons le fusil auquel s'adapte exactement la crosse, et couvert de sang coagul? auquel adh?rent les cheveux; il est encore charg? de ses cinq balles.

Pr?s d'un autre cadavre, nous trouvons aussi une crosse bris?e, mais l'assassin, sans doute, a remport? son fusil. Un cinqui?me, couch? en croix sur le dos, les mains et les doigts crisp?s dans le sol, montre un visage noir, une bouche ouverte qui semble hurler encore d'?pouvante. Il me rappelle ces deux cadavres p?trifi?? que l'on voit ? Pomp?i: membres tordus et bouches ouvertes, comme s'ils n'avaient pas cess?, ? travers les si?cles, de crier sous la morsure de la lave.

Ayant souci de m?nager la sensibilit? de ceux qui me lisent, je n'insisterai pas davantage sur l'horreur de ce spectacle. Je ne vous dirai rien de la volont? qu'il nous a fallu pour poursuivre, le nez bouch? et les yeux glac?s d'horreur, notre sinistre reconnaissance, mais il ?tait n?cessaire qu'elle f?t accomplie.

Nous avons photographi? ces affreux d?bris et ces photographies seront publi?es. On saura que ce sont l?, entre autres, des victimes d'une arm?e r?guli?re et non de comitadjis que l'on d?savoue. Car ces notables de Ser?s furent les prisonniers de l'arm?e, emmen?s par l'arm?e en retraite. Et les malheureux que nous avons devant nous n'?taient pas des paysans de la contr?e o? nous les retrouvions, c'?taient des gens de la ville, bien habill?s, avec des costumes de drap ou de serge, des bottines neuves, des chaussettes, des chapeaux, enfin des messieurs. Et ils sont bien de Ser?s, car trois d'entre eux purent ?tre reconnus et identifi?s.

La guerre est une oeuvre horrible.

GEORGES. BOURDON.

LES BLESSURES DES BALLES BULGARES

Corfou, 21 juillet 1913.

Je vous adresse ci-inclus trois clich?s d'une gravit? particuli?re.

Sur 490 bless?s du combat de Kilkiz, arriv?s r?cemment de Salonique ? Corfou et soign?s actuellement dans les h?pitaux de cette ville, 7 repr?sentent des blessures que les chirurgiens attribuent ? l'emploi de balles dont on a enlev? la partie sup?rieure et sur lesquelles on a fait une incision en forme de croix pour les rendre plus meurtri?res. La balle ordinaire p?n?tre dans les tissus et en ressort souvent sans aucun dommage pour le bless?. Un exemple caract?ristique est celui d'un soldat d'ici que j'ai vu et photographi?: la balle lui est entr?e sous l'oreille droite; elle est ressortie sous l'oeil gauche; il a continu? ? marcher durant une heure et demie; aujourd'hui il est parfaitement gu?ri et voit ?galement bien des deux yeux.

Avec les balles en question le cas est tout diff?rent:

La photographie 1 repr?sente l'entr?e de la balle, une l?sion assez l?g?re et qui, sur la photographie, para?t m?me plus grave qu'elle n'est en r?alit?. La photographie 2 repr?sente la sortie, chez le m?me bless?. Il se nomme Koulouras , n? ? Hydra, 2e corps d'arm?e, 7e r?giment d'infanterie, 9e compagnie. Il est actuellement soign? par le docteur Sgourd?os, de Constantinople, qui est major volontaire. Ce? deux clich?s, comme le suivant, ont ?t? pris par moi.

La photographie 3 repr?sente la sortie du projectile chez Arabatzi , de Bouraza, province de Larissa , bless? ? Kilkiz, comme le pr?c?dent.

Il va de soi que les soldats, bless?s par ces projectile? ailleurs qu'aux membres, ont d? rester sur le terrain, et il est probable que la proportion 7/490 est inf?rieure ? celle des projectiles semblables employ?s.

Ce num?ro contient:

L'ILLUSTRATION

LA PETITE ILLUSTRATION

COURRIER DE PARIS

LES OMBRES

Dieu n'a peut-?tre cr?? le rayon que pour nous donner l'ombre.

Si l'ombre est, en effet, la fille du rayon, elle est parfois--bien que diversement--aussi belle que lui. Elle l'explique, le fait valoir, le formule et l'ach?ve. Elle est, par opposition, son calme et son repos. Elle le disperse, et l'?tale comme un baume.

C'est seulement en pleine nature, et l'?t?, sous le ciel libre et mis ? nu, h?riss? de lumi?re, que je jouis des ombres. Elles passent pourtant inaper?ues de la plupart des hommes qui ne se doutent pas de ce que serait le monde si tout ? coup, par toute la terre, de toutes les surfaces o?, comme de grands et petits oiseaux momentan?ment immobiles, elles sont ?ploy?es... les ombres s'envolaient!... Oui... Le temps de tourner la t?te, et plus d'ombres! Si nos yeux, qui ne s'occupaient pas d'elles, ?taient attir?s, ramen?s soudain vers la place, immense et d?vast?e, qu'elles meublaient tout ? l'heure, et que nous fussions, en un ?clair, terrifi?s de leur disparition et aveugl?s de leur absence! Effroyable pens?e qui nous disloque, et que repousse en nous tout ce qui s'?meut! tellement l'ombre s'impose au d?sir des sens, ? l'instinct du coeur, ? la sagesse du r?ve. Elle est une n?cessit?, physique et id?ale.

Aussi, que les ombres, me plaisent! J'aime vivre avec elles. C'est ma compagnie.

A GUIDE TO THE MOUNT'S BAY AND THE LAND's END.

INTRODUCTION.

"Dear is that shed to which his soul conforms, "And dear that hill which lifts him to the storms."

Nor let the intelligent tourist despair of amusement, for he will find much to interest, much to delight him. There is not perhaps a district in Great Britain which presents greater attractions to the mineralogist or geologist; and there is certainly not one which, in so small a compass, has produced so many species of earthy and metallic minerals, or which displays so many geological varieties. At the same time the antiquarian may here occupy himself with the examination of the rude relics of antiquity, which lie scattered on all sides--nothing is more pleasing than that sacred enthusiasm which is kindled in the mind by the contemplation of the faded monuments of past ages, and surely no spot was ever more congenial to such sensations. But to return from the digression.

THE CLIMATE of Mount's Bay is the circumstance which has principally contributed to its celebrity, and is that which renders its shores so beneficial to invalids. Its seasons have been aptly compared to the neap tides, which neither ebb nor flow with energy; for, notwithstanding its southern latitude, the summer is never sultry, while the rigour of winter is so ameliorated, that thick ice is rarely seen; frost, if it occurs, is but of a few hours duration; and the snow storms which, coming from the north and east, bury the fields of every other part of England, are generally exhausted before they reach this favoured spot, or their last sprinkling is dissolved by the warm breezes which play around its shores.

"One of the most remarkable instances of the mildness of your climate is the unusually early appearance of frog's spawn: this I observed at Gulval on the 8th of January. According to White's Naturalist's Calendar the earliest and latest appearances there specified, are February 28th, and March 22d. Taking therefore the second week in March as the average for its appearance, you should seem, in this instance, to be full two months earlier than Hampshire."

"In this neighbourhood I rarely see any of our species of Swallow, except perhaps an occasional straggler, before the second week in April, but in the year 1818 I was not a little gratified at observing upwards of a score of Sand Martins, sporting over the marsh between Gulval and Marazion, on March 31st. The wind at that time was N. W. and the thermometer at 50? in the shade at noon. The Chaffinch I heard, in Cornwall, begin to chirp his spring note the last day of December. With us he is seldom heard until the beginning of February. The Viper, a great lover of warmth and moisture, occurs more frequently in Cornwall than in the midland counties."

We have already stated that our summers are as remarkable for coolness, as our winters are desirable for mildness. This circumstance necessarily renders our fruit inferior in flavour to that which is produced in the inland counties; indeed the grape very rarely ripens in the open air, and the apricot tree seldom affords any fruit, except in a few favoured spots. The tree of the greengage plum is nearly equally unproductive. The walnut and the common hazel-nut very seldom bear fruit. Apples for the table, however, are plentiful and good; and our strawberries may be considered as possessing a decided superiority.

Why then, it may be asked, should not this climate be as eligible to invalids as that which they are generally sent across the Channel to enjoy? In reply we will venture to assert, and without the least fear of being contradicted by those, whose experience renders them competent judges, that it is not only equally beneficial, but far more eligible, unless, indeed, the patient can possess himself of the cap of Fortunatus, to remove the difficulties and discomfiture of a continental journey. But since the present volume is, in some measure, written for the information and guidance of those who are seeking a winter's residence, in pursuit of health, the author has been induced to subjoin a short essay, in the appendix, for the purpose of examining the comparative pretensions of the several places to the reputation for superior mildness and salubrity, which they have acquired.

Notwithstanding the supposed moisture of the Mount's Bay, the air is not less fit for respiration, nor less beneficial to the valetudinarian, than that of drier situations. The porous nature of the shelfy substratum soon disposes of any excess of water; so that, after a short cessation of rain, the invalid may safely venture abroad to enjoy the delightful walks which surround the bay; at the same time, the numerous promontories which distinguish this coast, promote a constant circulation of breezes around their extremities, so that mists seldom linger, and we never experience those sultry calms, or suffocating fogs, which not unfrequently infest other parts of our island.

FOOTNOTES:

Skaiting, as an amusement, is entirely unknown among the young men of Penzance. The marsh between this place and Marazion, which is generally overflowed in the winter season, and which offers, when frozen, a very fair field for the skaiter, has not been more than four times during the last thirty years sufficiently solidified to admit of that diversion, viz. in the years 1788, 1794, 1814, and 1819.

It is this fact that permits the cultivation of many species of plants in the open ground about London, which in the vicinity of Paris will not live without a green-house.

These plants thrive in the open air, and commonly attain a height of ten or twelve feet; they may be seen trained on the front of some of the houses in Penzance to double that height. A sufficient quantity of cuttings was obtained from a tree of this description, covering one of the houses, in the course of six weeks, to supply the oven with fuel for three months!

See "A memoir on the submersion of part of the Mount's Bay, by H. Boase, Esq." in the 2d volume of the Cornish Transactions.

PENZANCE.

The reader of this Guide, therefore, must thoroughly understand that in the arrangement of the subsequent "Excursions," the various objects of interest, to which it directs him, are described in an order best adapted to the convenience of the resident at Penzance.

The mother church is situated at Madron, but there is a chapel of ease in the town, dedicated to Saint Mary, the simple and unassuming spire of which forms a very interesting object in the bay.

Besides the established church, there are several places of religious worship. The Wesleyan Methodists' chapel, built in the year 1814, is the most complete and capacious meeting-house in the county. There are, moreover, appropriate places of worship for the Independents, Baptists, and Quakers, and a synagogue for the Jews.

There is a Public Dispensary, supported by the voluntary contributions of the inhabitants, aided occasionally by the donations of those invalid strangers, who, grateful for the reestablishment of health in themselves, eagerly adopt this mode of contributing to its restoration in others. Few institutions for the accomplishment of a similar object, have proved more extensively beneficial; and none, we will venture to add, were ever superintended with more humane attention.

A Laboratory, containing the necessary apparatus for analytical operations, is attached to the establishment.

The Penwith Agricultural Society holds its meetings, and distributes its premiums, in this town. Nothing can be more in place than such an institution. Geology and Agriculture are kindred sciences, and it has been truly observed that there is no district in the British Empire where the natural relations between the varieties of soil and the subjacent rocks can be more easily discovered and traced, or more effectually investigated, than in the county of Cornwall; and no where can the information which such an enquiry is capable of affording, be more immediately and successfully applied for the improvement of waste lands, and the general advancement of agricultural science.

The town of Penzance is rapidly extending itself; new houses are continually rising in commanding situations; and, since the publication of the first edition of this work, HOT AND COLD SEA BATHS have been completed upon a suitable scale of convenience. The waiting room belonging to this establishment commands a prospect of very singular beauty. St. Michael's Mount rising boldly in front, forms a striking relief to the extended line of coast which constitutes the back ground; while the undulating shores on the left, skirted by the little village of Chyandour, are well contrasted, on the opposite side, with the busy scene of the pier, and the numerous vessels in the harbour.

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