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EPITOME OF THE PHARMACOPEIA OF THE UNITED STATES AND THE NATIONAL FORMULARY, WITH COMMENTS

Prepared for the Use of Physicians Under Authorization of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry of the American Medical Association by a Committee Consisting of the Following:

A.W. Hewlett, M.D., Professor of Medicine, Leland Stanford Junior University.

Torald Sollmann, M.D., Professor of Pharmacology and Materia Medica, Medical Department, Western Reserve University.

W.A. Puckner, Phar.D., Secretary of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry.

AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 535 North Dearborn Street Chicago 1924

PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION

The Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary are now recognized by federal and state laws as standards for drugs and their preparations. Physicians who prescribe Pharmacopeial or National Formulary drugs or preparations, therefore, are more likely to obtain a good and constant quality than if they prescribe unofficial articles, i.e., articles that have no legalized standard. Hence medical men are interested in knowing what drugs and preparations are included in these two books of standards. Both the Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary, however, contain a vast amount of technical information, of value to pharmacists but of little interest to physicians. The Journal of the American Medical Association in 1907 issued the "Physicians' Manual of the U.S. Pharmacopeia and National Formulary," a book designed to meet the needs of physicians in this respect. The fact that this book did meet a real need is evidenced by the continued demand for it.

The present "Epitome of the U.S. Pharmacopeia and National Formulary" takes the place of that book, but is based on the new revision of the Pharmacopeia and the new edition of the National Formulary. It has been prepared under the direction of a committee appointed by the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry of the American Medical Association. The aim has been to include all the matter in the Pharmacopeia and National Formulary which is likely to be of interest to physicians. This, it is believed, consists of the official titles and their abbreviations; synonyms; brief definitions; when necessary, concise descriptions of the physical properties; and dosage. Since both the Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary include many drugs and preparations which are irrational, superfluous or worthless, in many cases the medical members of the committee have added brief comments to aid a discriminating selection of therapeutic agents.

In this epitome drugs are arranged alphabetically by Pharmacopeial or National Formulary titles; preparations of drugs are placed under the drugs themselves. Thus Tinctura Digitalis is placed not among the Ts, but among the Ds under Digitalis. Names of drugs are in black-face type; names of preparations are in light-face italics. An index is added to assist in ready reference.

Statements of composition refer in some cases to percentage by volume, in others to percentage by weight, and in still others to percentage by weight-volume--that is, the weight of a given chemical contained in 100 Cc. of the preparation. It has not been thought worth while to indicate whether the statement in each case is by volume, weight or weight-volume, since the differences are too small to have any therapeutic importance. Statements of alcoholic content refer to percentage by volume and are approximate only. In a few instances in which the quantity of alcohol in a dose is small, or in which the preparation is intended for external use, the alcohol content is not stated.

DOSAGE statements, when followed by the letters "U.S.P." or "N.F.," are taken from these books, respectively, and are understood to be the average adult doses. In some cases in which this statement was felt to be inadequate or unsatisfactory, further suggestions as to dosage have been added.

PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION

The text of this edition is the same as that of the first, except that a few typographical errors which were in the first edition have been corrected.

The new edition differs from the first in the following particulars:

In the first edition, a star indicates that the drug is included in the second edition of Useful Drugs. To bring the present edition up to date, the star here indicates that the drug is included in the fifth edition of Useful Drugs.

In compliance with the opinion expressed by some that a more complete index would be helpful, the index to the second edition has been materially extended. It is hoped that this will help to familiarize those who purchase the book with its contents.

TABLES OF METRIC AND APOTHECARIES' WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

METRIC MEASURES OF WEIGHT

A: The weight of 1 cubic centimeter of water at 4 C.

B: The weight of 1 cubic decimeter of water at 4 C.

METRIC FLUID MEASURE

APOTHECARIES' WEIGHT

APOTHECARIES' FLUID MEASURE

EQUIVALENTS OF APOTHECARIES' WEIGHT IN METRIC

EQUIVALENTS OF APOTHECARIES' FLUID MEASURE IN METRIC

EQUIVALENTS OF METRIC WEIGHT IN APOTHECARIES'

EQUIVALENTS OF METRIC FLUID MEASURE IN APOTHECARIES'

METRIC AND APOTHECARIES' EQUIVALENTS

METRIC AND APOTHECARIES' EQUIVALENTS

CENTIGRADE AND FAHRENHEIT THERMOMETRIC EQUIVALENTS

C.? F.? -40 -40 -30 -22 -20 -4 -10 14 0 32 5 41 10 50 15 59 20 68 25 77 30 86 35 95 40 104 45 113 50 122 55 131 60 140 65 149 70 158 75 167 80 176 85 185 90 194 95 203 100 212 110 230 120 248 130 266 140 284 150 302 200 392 250 482 300 572 350 662

CLINICAL TABLE OF CENTIGRADE AND FAHRENHEIT THERMOMETRIC EQUIVALENTS

C.? F.? 36.0 96.80 36.2 97.16 36.3 97.34 36.4 97.52 36.5 97.70 36.6 97.88 36.7 98.06 36.8 98.24 36.9 98.42 37.0 98.60 37.1 98.78 37.2 98.96 37.3 99.14 37.4 99.32 37.5 99.50 37.6 99.68 37.7 99.86 37.8 100.04 37.9 100.22 38.0 100.40 38.1 100.58 38.2 100.76 38.3 100.94 38.4 101.12 38.5 101.30 38.6 101.48 38.7 101.66 38.8 101.84 38.9 102.02 39.0 102.20 39.1 102.38 39.2 102.56 39.3 102.74 39.4 102.92 39.5 103.10 39.6 103.28 39.7 103.46 39.8 103.64 39.9 103.82 40.0 104.00 40.1 104.18 40.2 104.36 40.3 104.54 40.4 104.72 40.5 104.90 40.6 105.08 40.8 105.44 41.0 105.80 41.2 106.16 41.4 106.52 41.6 106.88 41.8 107.24 42.0 107.60 42.2 107.96 42.4 108.32 42.6 108.68 42.8 109.04 43.0 109.40

Epitome of the U.S. Pharmacopeia and National Formulary

Leaves and flowering tops.

ACTION AND USES: Obsolete aromatic bitter; without advantage over gentian or other bitter drugs.

A gum occurring in tears, fragments or powder. Slowly and almost completely soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Incompatible with sodium borate, lead acetate and ferric salts.

ACTION AND USES: Demulcent; chiefly as a vehicle to suspend insoluble substances in aqueous mixtures.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms .

A white, odorless, crystalline powder, with a slightly burning taste. Slightly soluble in water , very soluble in alcohol and in chloroform . Incompatible with spirit of nitrous ether and forms pasty masses when triturated with chloral or antipyrin.

ACTION AND USES: Analgesic, antipyretic and, in excessive doses, a cardiac depressant. Used particularly to relieve headache and neuralgic pains. A habit-forming drug. If used over a long period of time, it may produce a severe anemia.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains in powders which may be placed in capsules, or tablets which should be crushed before swallowing. It is well to begin with 0.1 Gm. or about 1-1/2 grains, and to repeat cautiously.

USES: Irrational acetanilid preparation. The caffeine does not diminish the toxicity, nor does the bicarbonate increase the solubility of acetanilid, as was at one time supposed.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains .

A colorless liquid, with an ethereal odor and a pungent sweetish taste. Miscible with water, alcohol, ether and chloroform.

ACTION AND USES: Pharmaceutic solvent.

White, odorless, slightly bitter, crystalline scales or powder. Very slightly soluble in water , soluble in alcohol and in chloroform .

ACTION AND USES: Analgesic, antipyretic and, in excessive doses, a cardiac depressant. Used particularly for the relief of headache and neuralgic pains and in the treatment of mild fevers. A habit-forming drug. If used for a long period of time, it may produce a severe anemia.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains , in powders or capsules. If small doses fail to relieve headache, larger doses are also usually ineffective.

ACTION AND USES: Caustic and rubefacient. In the form of vinegar, is antidote to alkalies.

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