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OF THE SECOND VOLUME.

HISTORY OF ACOUSTICS.

PAGE Introduction. 23

HISTORY OF OPTICS, FORMAL AND PHYSICAL.

Introduction. 51

HISTORY OF THERMOTICS AND ATMOLOGY.

Introduction. 137

Thermotical Theories. 181 Atmological Theories. 184 Conclusion. 187

HISTORY OF ELECTRICITY.

Introduction. 191

Question of One or Two Fluids. 210 Question of the Material Reality of the Electric Fluid. 212

HISTORY OF MAGNETISM.

Theory of Magnetic Action. 220 Theory of Terrestrial Magnetism. 224 Conclusion. 232

HISTORY OF GALVANISM, OR VOLTAIC ELECTRICITY.

Amp?re's Theory. 246 Reception of Amp?re's Theory. 249

Discovery of Diamagnetism. 252

HISTORY OF CHEMISTRY.

Publication of the Theory by Beccher and Stahl. 267 Reception and Application of the Theory. 271

HISTORY OF MINERALOGY.

INTRODUCTION

Diffusion of the Distinction of Systems. 330 Confirmation of the Distinction of Systems by the Optical Properties of Minerals.--Brewster. 331

Discovery of Isomorphism.--Mitscherlich. 334 Dimorphism. 336

HISTORY OF SYSTEMATIC BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY.

Introduction. 357

Period of Unsystematic Knowledge. 420 Period of Erudition. 421 Period of Accumulation of Materials.--Exotic Collections. 422 Epoch of the Fixation of Characters.--Ray and Willoughby. 422 Improvement of the System.--Artedi. 423 Separation of the Artificial and Natural Methods in Ichthyology. 426

HISTORY OF PHYSIOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE ANATOMY.

Introduction. 435

HISTORY OF GEOLOGY.

Introduction. 499

SOUND.

The Velocity of Sound in Water. 599

Photography. 601 Fluorescence. 601

UNDULATORY THEORY.

Direction of the Transverse Vibrations in Polarization. 603 Final Disproof of the Emission Theory. 604

THE RELATION OF VAPOR AND AIR.

Force of Steam. 606 Temperature of the Atmosphere. 607

THEORIES OF HEAT.

The Dynamical Theory of Heat. 608

General Remarks. 610 Dr. Faraday's Views of Statical Electrical Induction. 611

Recent Progress of Terrestrial Magnetism. 613 Correction of Ships' Compasses. 616

MAGNETO-ELECTRIC INDUCTION.

Diamagnetlc Polarity. 620 Magneto-optic Effects and Magnecrystallic Polarity. 621 Magneto-electric Machines. 623 Applications of Electrodynamic Discoveries. 623

THE ELECTRO-CHEMICAL THEORY.

The Number of Elementary Substances. 625

Crystallography. 627 Optical Properties of Minerals. 629 Classification of Minerals. 630

Recent Views of Botany. 631 " " Zoology. 634

VEGETABLE MORPHOLOGY. 636 ANIMAL MORPHOLOGY. 638 Final Causes. 642

GEOLOGY. 646

HISTORY OF ACOUSTICS.

Along the skiey arch the goddess trode, And sought Harmonia's august abode; The universal plan, the mystic Four, Defines the figure of the palace-floor. Solid and square the ancient fabric stands, Raised by the labors of unnumbered hands.

INTRODUCTION.

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