Read Ebook: The treasury of languages by Bonwick James

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Ebook has 5677 lines and 67531 words, and 114 pages

ACCAWAY.

A dialect of native S. American, belonging to the CARIB, or Karib group. Vernacular in the Highlands of British Guiana.

ACHAEMENIAN PERSIAN.

The name of that form of the Old PERSIAN language which is used in the inscriptions of the Achaemenian kings, or the line of native monarchs which commenced with Cyrus the Great and terminated with Darius Codomannus, the antagonist of Alexander. The language is written in an arrow-headed or cuneiform character of a simple kind, and is closely akin to the Zend, Pazend, and the modern Persian. The best work on the language is that of Spiegel, "Altpersische Keilinschriften." G. R.

ACHAGUA.

A dialect of native S. American, vernacular on the R. Casanare, a tributary of the R. Orinoco; and closely allied to MAIPUR. "Mithridates," iii., p. 631.

AMERICAN: spoken on the coast of California between San Francisco and St. Diego.

ACHINESE.

ACOMA.

A dialect of native AMERICAN, vernacular in New Mexico. It is one of the dialects spoken by the Pueblo Indians on the R. Grande. It is also called LAGUNA.

ACROA-MERIM.

American: a dialect of the GEZ class, vernacular in Brazil. See Von Martius, vol. ii., p. 144.

A very isolated language of N. American. Spoken in Louisiana, in 1805, by forty individuals only. Vocabulary in "Archaeologia Americana." It is also called ATAYO. Vocabulary Amer. Ethn. Trans., vol. ii., p. 95.

ADALI

Largely SEMITIC. An Abyssinian dialect, spoken by the tribes between the Highlands and the sea-coast. See Salt's "Voyage," Appdx. i., p. 6. C. T. B.

A native African dialect, closely resembling ACCRA and KREPEE, vernacular on the Gold-coast, W. Africa.

ADELAIDE.

A variety of native AUSTRALIAN, formerly vernacular at Adelaide, S. Australia; it differs but little from other dialects of the Gulf St. Vincent.

ADIGE.

A name for the CIRCASSIAN proper, as opposed to the APKHAZ.

ADIYAH.

Otherwise FERNANDIAN: the language of Fernando Po, an island on the W. coast of Africa, near the mouths of the Niger.

AEOLIC.

A dialect of ancient GREEK spoken in Boeotia, Thessaly, AEtolia, Elis, Lesbos, Chios and the N.W. part of Asia Minor. Pindar, Sappho, and Alcaeus wrote in it. G. R.

AFER.

Native name of the DANAKIL.

AFFADEH.

African: a dialect of the BORNU.

AFNU.

African: a dialect of the HAUSSA.

AFRICAN.

AFUDU.

A native African dialect of the OTAM, vernacular on the coast of W. Africa, about 4? N.L.

AGGLUTINATIVE.

A name applied to certain languages, when "two unaltered roots combine to form words;" and words brought into mutual relation by syntax undergo a change of form, accent, or meaning; the COPTIC, for example, is considered as essentially agglutinative. The American agglutinative languages are called polysynthetic or incorporating. These languages have generally little or no literature.

AGOLELEGM?T.

The ESKIMO of N. America and Behring's Straits, especially the island of Nunivok. The terminal "m?t," which is common from Behring's Straits to the parts about Mount St. Elias, is derived from the Eskimo. See Chromtschenko's "Reise-Journal," 8vo, St. Petersburgh, 1824. R. G. L.

AHOM.

A nearly extinct language formerly spoken in Assam, a province of British India; it is a dialect of SIAMESE, monosyllabic in form, and appears to have been transported by emigration from the borders of China.

AHT, THE.

American: dialect of Van Couver Island; spoken by all the W. coast tribes, from S. of Quatseeno to Port San Juan on De Fucas Straits. See Sproat: "Scenes of Savage Life." All the tribes speaking it end in "aht." R. B.

AHTIAGO.

A dialect of MALAY, vernacular in Ceram, closely allied to TELUTI and ALFUROS.

AIAWONG.

A dialect of native AUSTRALIAN, belonging to the W. coast.

AIMARA.

AIMAUK.

A dialect of MOGHOL, spoken by the Tshehar-Aimauk, N. W. Afghanistan, in the neighbourhood of Herat.

AINO.

The native name for the language of the Curile Islands, meaning "man." ?

AIRICA.

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