: Darwiniana; Essays and Reviews Pertaining to Darwinism by Gray Asa - Evolution (Biology); Natural selection; Darwin Charles 1809-1882 Biology

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DARWINIANA

PREFACE ARTICLE I

THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION

Views and Definitions of Species--How Darwin's differs from that of Agassiz, and from the Common View--Variation, its Causes unknown.--Darwin's Genealogical Tree--Darwin and Agassiz agree in the Capital Facts--Embryology--Physical Connection of Species compatible with Intellectual Connection--How to prove Transmutation.--Known Extent of Variation--Cause of Likeness unknown--Artificial Selection.--Reversion--Interbreeding--Natural Selection.--Classification tentative.--What Darwin assumes.--Argument stated.--How Natural Selection works.--Where the Argument is weakest.--Objections--Morphology and Teleology harmonized.--Theory not atheistical.--Conceivable Modes of Relation of God to Nature

ARTICLE II

DESIGN VERSUS NECESSITY-- A DISCUSSION

How Design in Nature can be shown--Design not inconsistent with Indirect Attainment

NATURAL SELECTION NOT INCONSISTENT WITH NATURAL THEOLOGY

Part II--Limitations of Theory conceded by Darwin.--What Darwinism explains.--Geological Argument strong in the Tertiary Period.-- Correspondence between Rank and Geological Succession--Difficulties in Classification.--Nature of Affinity.--No Absolute Distinction between Vegetable and Animal Kingdoms.--Individuality.--Gradation

ARTICLE IV

SPECIES AS TO VARIATION, GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION, AND SUCCESSION

Alphonse De Candolle's Study of the Oak Genus.--Variability of the Species.--Antiquity.--A Common Origin probable.--Dr. Falconer on the Common Origin of Elephants--Variation and Natural Selection distinguished.--Saporta on the Gradation between the Vegetable Forms of the Cretaceous and the Tertiary.--Hypothesis of Derivation more likely to be favored by Botanists than by Zoologists.--Views of Agassiz respecting the Origin, Dispersion, Variation, Characteristics, and Successive Creation of Species contrasted with those of De Candolle and others--Definition of Species--Whether its Essence is in the Likeness or in the Genealogical Connection of the Individuals composing a Species

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