: History of Religion A Sketch of Primitive Religious Beliefs and Practices and of the Origin and Character of the Great Systems by Menzies Allan - Religions

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PART I THE RELIGION OF THE EARLY WORLD

Origin of civilisation--It was from the savage state that civilisation was by degrees produced--The religion of savages--All savages have religion--It is a psychological necessity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-28

Nature-worship--Ancestor-worship--Fetish-worship--A supreme being--Which gods were first worshipped?--Fetish-gods came first--Spirits, human or quasi-human, came first--Theories of Mr. Spencer and Mr. Tylor--Animism--The minor nature-worship came first--Theories of Mr. M. M?ller and of Ed. von Hartmann--The great nature-powers came first--Both nature-worship and the worship of spirits are sources of early religion--Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-50

Growth of the great gods--Polytheism--Kathenotheism--The minor nature-worship--The worship of animals--Trees, wells, stones--The state after death--Growth of the great religions out of these beliefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51-65

Sacrifice--Prayer--Sacred places, objects, persons--Magic-- Character of early religion--Early religion and morality . . 66-78

Classifications of religions--Rise of national religion--It affords a new social bond--And a better God--Example--The Inca religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79-90

PART II ISOLATED NATIONAL RELIGIONS

People and literature--Worship of spirits--Worship of animals--The great Gods--Mythology--The state religion . . . 91-105

History of China--The literature of the religion--The state religion of ancient China--Heaven--The spirits--Ancestors-- Confucius--His life--His doctrine--Taoism--Buddhism in China 106-125

Home of the Semites--Character of the race--Their early religious ideas--Difference between Semitic and Aryan religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159-169

The Religion of the Canaanites--The Phenicians--Their gods-- Astral deities of Phenicia--Influence of Phenician art . . . 170-178

The sacred literature--The people--Jehovah--The early ritual was simple--Contact with Canaanite religion--Danger of fusion--Religious conflict--The monarchy--Religion not centralised--The Prophets--The old religion national-- Criticism of the old religion by the prophets--Appearance of Universalism--Ethical monotheism--Individualism of the prophetic teaching--The reforms--Deuteronomy--Earlier codes-- The exile--The return; the reform of Ezra--Character of the later religion--Heathenish elements of Judaism--Spiritual elements--The Psalms--The Synagogue--The national hopes--The state after death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179-216

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